男人西装法则

March 19th, 2010

转一个帖子:出处,应该用得上的了。

1.男士的第一套西服应该是黑色素面的。
2.男士的第二套西服应为深灰色素面,然后是深蓝色素面、深灰色细条纹、深蓝色细条纹、深灰色方格。
3.细条纹或者方格越不明显越好,选择那种只有细看才能看得出图案的面料。
4.欧式对排扣西服由于钮扣位置较低,有一种上半身显长的感觉,所以身材较矮的男士应该慎重穿着。
5.衣领带钮扣的衬衫严禁搭配双排扣西服。
6.如果拥有一件大衣,那么应该是灰色的,第二件大衣应该是黑色的,第三件是咖啡色的,第四件是藏青色的.
7.鞋皮鞋应该是纤尘不染、光亮可鉴的,所以任何时候都不要让它显得风尘仆仆。
8.300元的皮鞋的寿命不及600元皮鞋的一半,而1200元的皮鞋也许能穿一世。
9.即使是1200元的皮鞋也不要连续穿着3天以上。
10.如果老公还不能理直气壮地使用香水,那么一定要选择气味清爽的香皂。
11.有些纯棉衬衫特别便宜,别忘了它们的寿命也特别短,经不起熨烫。
12.如果不系领带,那么不要扣紧衬衫的领口。
13.对于一位要求体面的成熟男士来说,领带上的图案如果是卡通人物或动物、人像,那么绝对无法搭配西服。
14.领带尖不应低于皮带头,但也不要高于它。
15.腰带和鞋在质料和颜色方面都要一致。
16.绅士风度始于足下,正式西服只能以传统、庄重的系带式皮鞋相配。
17.不要在正式、隆重的场合穿着非黑色皮鞋,即使它被擦拭得十分体面,也会显得你本人不懂体面。
18.千万不要买所有成分都是人造纤维的袜子,最好是羊毛、丝毛或毛棉混纺、纯棉袜子。
19.年过24岁,应该摒弃白色袜子,它会使你显得像一个学生。
20.不论年龄几何,花袜子总是不适合男性的。

衬衫的搭配
①黑色西服,穿以白色为主的衬衫为主的衬衫和浅色衬衫,配灰、蓝、绿等与衬衫色彩协调的领带。
②灰西服,可配灰、绿、黄和砖色领带,穿白色为主的淡色衬衫。
③暗蓝色西服,可以配蓝、灰、胭脂、黄色领带,穿白色和明亮蓝色的衬衫。
④蓝色西服,可以配暗蓝、灰、胭脂、黄和砖色领带,穿粉红、乳黄、银灰和明亮蓝色的衬衫。
⑤褐色西服,可以配暗褐、灰、绿和黄色领带,穿白、灰、银色和明亮的褐色衬衫。

西服的讲究就那几个:
1、衣裤、衬衫一定要整洁,这不用说了
2、穿着外衣的时候千万别卷衬衫袖子,衬衫袖子一定要露出外衣袖口若干。其实就是不穿外衣,除非是非常不正式的场合,也不要卷衬衫袖子
3、衬衫的第一颗扣子,在戴领带的时候一定要扣上,不戴领带的时候一定不要扣!——这个比较容易被忽视,但如果不戴领带扣上的话,会被人耻笑为忘 记打领带……
4、有些衬衫的衣领是系扣的,一定要系上,除非是很不正式的场合
5、两排扣的西服上衣,只扣上面一颗,千万不要两颗全扣……
6、三排扣的西服上衣,一般只扣中间一颗。我个人是很不喜欢三排扣的,感觉那是娱乐节目主持人穿的……
7、袜子要深色的,切切不能穿白色运动袜,也不能穿尼龙半透明的,不过现在马上冬天了,穿丝袜恐怕不会
8、领带的打法很多,一般比较正式的场合,还是打大三角结比较好(就是左、右各绕一圈的),这样打出的结比较饱满,而且很容易打正——我最开始用 那种最简单的方法打领带,每次结都是一边儿歪的,后来索性统统都打大三角结,迄今如此
9、好的领带非常重要,能够自然的打出漂亮的折纹
10、领带与衬衫的颜色搭配比较复杂,但从保险的角度来说,就是靠色。同一色系,领带的颜色略深一些。如粉红色衬衫,打深红色领带,总无大错。当 然红配绿之类的传统大俗在这里也还是禁忌
11、不是非常正式的场合,上衣和裤子可以不是成套的,但颜色和花纹别差太多。我上班的时候一般都不成套,因为任何西服都是裤子穿的比上衣费,如 果按照裤子的更换速度,那衣服浪费的太快了,我们要考虑国情……
12、领带夹不是必须的,多正式的场合,都可以不戴。但是,如果戴了,除了上面说的几个点外,领带夹本身一定不要太差,生了锈掉了色的,还不如不 戴。
13、西服上衣的几个兜兜。左侧内侧的兜兜,可以装手帕、名片夹等小东西(警匪片里还有装手枪的,那个另说……)。两侧的两个兜兜,千万不要装任 何东西。从这两个兜兜掏出任何物事,什么手机、钱包之类,都比较傻。有东西,就装裤兜……
14、领带的长度,下端刚到皮带扣上沿。当然各人习惯可能不太一样。但总的来说,如果穿上西服,领带下端还露在外面(无论上面还是下面),都不太 好。领带长度适中是打领带的一个小技术,多练几次慢慢就能掌握好了。
15、奥,对了,关于上衣的扣子。一般在正式场合,坐下来以后,可以把扣子都解开。但平时走在大马路上,全不系也无妨。
16、短袖衬衫的问题。短袖衬衫在穿西服外套的时候绝对不能穿的,这是无疑的。至于夏天在办公室里,一般比较注重商务着装的单位,比如投行、会计 师行之类,也都不允许穿短袖衬衫。我个人意见是:穿短袖衬衫打领带,那象是童子军制服……所以一般商务场合,还是回避的好。

Mybrute – 创建纯黑色皮肤人物

March 11th, 2010

平时有玩Mybrute这个全自动的打斗游戏,升级后会得到一些新的武器,挺有趣的。这里有个帖子教大家如何创建一个黑色皮肤人物,详情请见:http://bbs.hoopchina.com/686212.html

也欢迎大家来挑战我,我的ID是:wirephone/wirephoneiii/wirephoneii/bbedge

等?

March 11th, 2010

看了上一篇日志,四部美剧里有一部已经播完了,另外三部也都已经开播。那现在应该等什么呢?

我等着呢

July 26th, 2009

<HEROS> S4 – Sep 21, 2009

<HOUSE M.D.> S6 – Sep 22, 2009

<LOST> S6 – Feb, 2010

<24> S8 – Jan 17, 2010

用mobipocket reader看书的方法

July 12th, 2009

这是我刚在maxpda上写好的一篇文章,是关于在BB下用mobipocket reader看书的方法.

症状:安装mobipocket reader后BB出现”The application mobipocket reader has attempted to open a connection to a location inside the firewall and outside the firewall which is not allowed by your IT policy.”  但在系统设置里面看到firewall那里是没有小红锁的.权限设置正确,开关firewall都没用.不能从电脑里往BB上传书,所以也看不了书.firewall旁边没有小红锁.

解决方法:
1,按照这篇文章里说的那么做,重启BB,症状消失,也能往BB里面传书了.但…firewall旁边多了个小红锁…意味着不能关闭firewall.在使用上没啥关系,但看着不爽,所以继续..

2,下载这个帖子里面的附件,并运行”解锁 It policy.exe”.完成重启BB后你会发现:不但mobipocket reader正常了,而且连那小红锁也不见了.看着爽啊…

问题消失,最后说一下我非常喜欢用mobipocket reader,anyview太复杂,太耗电,老佛的BB里面默认是装上了的,但刚到手后就给我删了.

还有,我用的是8120

自学考试(广州)流程真正傻瓜版

May 24th, 2009

72松终于又回来了,恭喜一下先.这个博都空了半年有多,有很多新的东东没地方记录下了,包括现在写这篇文章的目的:7月份自考. 其实很早就听过自考,但只是听,想进一步了解一下都不行,如怎么报考啊,什么时候考试啊..其实这些都不是问题,但有个问题不得不说一下,就是每当说到自考,大家都会不约而同地提起5184.事实上呢?对于我们这些新手来说,上面的一些答案根本解决不了问题,连最基本的新生报考细节都没说清楚,很是失败.某些人可以说我0智商,但不知道有多少人像我一样有那么多困惑呢?

下面是引用,来源

  首先,你要决定想参加什么专业的学习?这种专业有没有开考?高等教育自学考试现有专科、本科两个学历层次,专科、本科、独立本科段三种专业类型。(开考专业介绍

  首次参加自学考试的新生须先办理报名手续,然后才可办理报考手续。报名分预报名和正式报名两个阶段。考生可以进入广东省考试中心自学考试网站 WWW.STEGD.EDU.CN 进行网上预报名(每年有两次的新生正式报名时间,上半年是1月5~10日;下半年是7月15~20日,新生预报名与正式报名同时进行),通过预报名后获得预报名号,在上述“新生正式报名时间”期间持本人身份证或其他有效身份证明到市、县(区)自学考试办公室指定报名点进行报名正式确认,给你产生准考证号,缴纳制作准考证费用,新生凭此准考证号和身份证到相应符合标准的自学考试相片数据采集点照相。摄像后三天可以到网上查看您的照片,然后登陆广州招考网“网上报考”栏目或到社会报名点报考相应的科目。新生的准考证领取在考试前一周的周五、周六在报名点发放。
  以后请经常留意市招考办发出的相关信息。
  已有广东省自学考试准考证的考生(简称旧生)报考的时候均须持准考证号继续办理报考手续,即可以通过招考网的网上报考或继续在报名站报考。
  网上报考时遇到问题,请先阅读《报名、报考常见问题解答

FLASH钢琴

December 14th, 2008

点击这里弹钢琴

月亮代表我的心
LOQSONQS STUVTS QPOOO QPOOO PQPOMPQP
LOQSONQS STUVTS QPOOO QPOOO PQPMNOPO
QSQPOSN MNMNMLQ SQPOSN MNOOOPQP
LOQSONQS STUVTS QPOOO QPOOO PQPMNOPO

童话
LONOL LONOL LONO OOMML
LONOL LQPPO LONOM MMOTS
PPRRQQ QQNPOONO ONOR LSRQP
PPRRQQ QQVUTUV VPOT TTSSS
LSRQQRQ QRQ RQPO
OQST TTSPPRQ OQST
TTSPPRQRQPO PQMMOONO

安静
QQQQPONPPPO LQPOOOLQPOOP
QQQQPONPPPO LQPOOOLQPOOPPQR
RRRRQPOOOPP LSSSRQPPPQQ
MRQRQPOONOL QRQRQPOPS
LQRSRQSLQRSRQS LQRSRQOPPPQO
SSOONOOSSOONOO RRQQPPORRQQPPO
LQRSRQSLQRSRQS LQRSRQOPPPQO
SSOONOOSSOONOO RRQQPPOORQPOMOO

好好恋爱
JKLLLLLKJIIL NNONOOOPQNNL
HMMMJMOLLLLJH KKKJKLMMMOML
JKJJKLLLLJIHHO NMLML
JHHMMLLLKJ OOOONOPP
LRQLLRPLRQRQRQPO ONMMQMQMLLQLQL
RQRQOP LRQLLRSPLRQQQRQPQ
ONMMQMQMLLQLQPOM OPNMNMNQPOO

痴心绝对
OPQQQRQPPOPPSP ONOOOQQOOMNNQN
MLMMMRRQSO MLMMMRROOMP
OOPQQQRQPPOPPSP ONOOOQQOOMNNQN
MLMMRRQSO MLMMMRROOONO

会呼吸的痛
STVTXXTW WWVUVWXWSV
VUTUVRRRVVWVSSS SYXWXX
STVTXXTW WWVUVWXWSVV
VUTUVRRRVVWVSSS STUVVUVV

欢乐颂
J J K L L K J I H H I J J I I
J J K L L K J I H H I J I H H
I I J H I J K J H I J K J I H I E
J J K L L K J I H H I J I H H

小星星
OOSSTTS RRQQPPO
SSRRQQP SSRRQQP
OOSSTTS RRQQPPO

Read the rest of this entry »

奥巴马胜选演说·文言版

November 30th, 2008

奥巴马胜选演说·文言版
东东枪 译

Hello,Chicago!
芝城父老,别来无恙,

If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible, who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time, who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer.
余尝闻世人有疑,不知当今美利坚凡事皆可成就耶?开国先贤之志方岿然于世耶?民主之伟力不减于昔年耶?凡存诸疑者,今夕当可释然。

It’s the answer told by lines that stretched around schools and churches in numbers this nation has never seen, by people who waited three hours and four hours, many for the first time in their lives, because they believed that this time must be different, that their voices could be that difference.
今夕之释然,皆蒙美利坚民众之协力——学塾祠庙之外,市井乡野之间,万千父老心焦似焚,苦待竟日,愿献一票之力。其中,平生未尝涉国事者,数亦不少,而今有此义举,皆因一念不衰——今夫天下,非同既往,愿发吁天之声,必成动地之势。

It’s the answer spoken by young and old, rich and poor, Democrat and Republican, black, white, Hispanic, Asian, Native American, gay, straight, disabled and not disabled. Americans who sent a message to the world that we have never been just a collection of individuals or a collection of red states and blue states. We are, and always will be, the United States of America.
今夕之释然,皆仰吾国同胞之齐心——何谈贫富老幼之差、党社宗族之异,惶论发肤肌体之别、志趣爱恶之分。吾国既以“合众”为名,吾辈则更无疏离之意,红蓝二党并肩而立,数十邦州挽手相合,无分你我,共称一家,昂然于世,齐声一呼,天下乃有此释然。

It’s the answer that led those who’ve been told for so long by so many to be cynical and fearful and doubtful about what we can achieve to put their hands on the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day.
今夕之释然,皆因愤懑者之镇静,忧惧者之勇气,犹疑者之笃定——平素世间种种,消磨其志向,溃灭其梦想,而值此风云之际,除旧更新,当仁不让,倾力而动乾坤者,更何人哉!

It’s been a long time coming, but tonight, because of what we did on this date in this election at this defining moment change has come to America.
俟之诚久,其志弥坚。幸天地明察,乃有今日,乃有此刻,乃有此一选举,乃有我亿万美利坚大好国民——吾邦之大变革,方得自兹而始也!

A little bit earlier this evening, I received an extraordinarily gracious call from Sen. McCain.
Sen. McCain fought long and hard in this campaign. And he’s fought even longer and harder for the country that he loves. He has endured sacrifices for America that most of us cannot begin to imagine. We are better off for the service rendered by this brave and selfless leader. I congratulate him; I congratulate Gov. Palin for all that they’ve achieved. And I look forward to working with them to renew this nation’s promise in the months ahead.
顷接参议员麦君凯恩电,虽未得晤,幸有一谈,其言谆谆,其意诚诚,鄙人感佩之至。选战期内,麦君劳碌几重,奔波几许,皆为国家计。诸般求索,时日良多,皆非余所能及。于国于民之惊人牺牲,亦非庸庸如吾辈者所可想见。以麦君之胆魄襟怀,能为吾邦所用,实国家之幸,万民之幸也。前途漫漫,其事未竟,余所盼瞩由衷者,唯共麦凯恩君、佩林君,及诸贤士比肩,会吾等之绵力,成吾邦之大业。

I want to thank my partner in this journey, a man who campaigned from his heart, and spoke for the men and women he grew up with on the streets of Scranton and rode with on the train home to Delaware, the vice president-elect of the United States, Joe Biden.
乔君拜登,亦吾所感铭至深者也。竞选之业,艰险不足与外人道,幸有乔君之辅佐,其诚天可鉴之。乔君其人,素言恳辞切,意笃情真,盖尝经斯兰克顿街乡邻之提命,饱聆特拉华州父老之晤教也。他日余既登总统之位,乔君必当副之。

And I would not be standing here tonight without the unyielding support of my best friend for the last 16 years the rock of our family, the love of my life, the nation’s next first lady Michelle Obama.
拙荆米氏,追随鄙人凡一十六年,既为爱侣,更为挚友,既为吾阖家之基石,又乃余终生之至爱。鄙人尝自忖度,倘无贤妻若此,今朝阔论高谈于此处者,不知何人矣!

Sasha and Malia I love you both more than you can imagine. And you have earned the new puppy that’s coming with us to the new White House.
小女萨沙、玛丽,余素深喜之。昔日为父尝与汝等言,此番选战若得一胜,愿购小犬一头相赠,待阖家乔迁总统府邸之日,偕汝等同进吾宅。今当胜负已出,既有一诺在前,必自践行不欺也。

And while she’s no longer with us, I know my grandmother’s watching, along with the family that made me who I am. I miss them tonight. I know that my debt to them is beyond measure.
祖母大人虽已仙逝,料必有灵在天,俯察人寰,想应颔首开颜矣。吾奥巴马氏列祖列宗,亦当如是。今日今时,此情此景,鄙人追思之心,乌鸟之情,曷其有极!唯生死陌路,仙凡有别,虽怀反哺之心,而无答报之门也!

To my sister Maya, my sister Alma, all my other brothers and sisters, thank you so much for all the support that you’ve given me. I am grateful to them.
至若玛雅、艾玛二姐妹,以及吾家诸同胞,所惠我者,亦属良多,久沐恩德,此当拜谢。

And to my campaign manager, David Plouffe, the unsung hero of this campaign, who built the best — the best political campaign, I think, in the history of the United States of America.To my chief strategist David Axelrod who’s been a partner with me every step of the way.To the best campaign team ever assembled in the history of politics you made this happen, and I am forever grateful for what you’ve sacrificed to get it done.
大卫•普劳夫君,大卫•阿克塞罗德君,一为鄙人竞选事务之经理,一为鄙人国事韬略之智囊。余尝自喟叹,左右谋士,余所仰赖者,皆亘古未见之贤才。普阿二君,则更此中之翘楚。区区不才,有何德能,可得膀臂若此?当此功成之际,感荷之心,亦自拳拳。

But above all, I will never forget who this victory truly belongs to. It belongs to you. It belongs to you.
至于鄙人铭之肺腑,须臾不敢忘怀者,则诸位也。盖今日鄙人之胜绩,实诸位之胜绩,鄙人之荣光,实诸位之荣光!

I was never the likeliest candidate for this office. We didn’t start with much money or many endorsements. Our campaign was not hatched in the halls of Washington. It began in the backyards of Des Moines and the living rooms of Concord and the front porches of Charleston. It was built by working men and women who dug into what little savings they had to give $5 and $10 and $20 to the cause.
余素朴陋,虽有参选之心,并无必胜之志。谋事之初,银资乏匮,从者寥寥;起事之地,皆蔽寓荒斋,不在高阁;成事之基,无非寻常百姓,涓滴之献。

It grew strength from the young people who rejected the myth of their generation’s apathy who left their homes and their families for jobs that offered little pay and less sleep.
It drew strength from the not-so-young people who braved the bitter cold and scorching heat to knock on doors of perfect strangers, and from the millions of Americans who volunteered and organized and proved that more than two centuries later a government of the people, by the people, and for the people has not perished from the Earth.
今日之胜,有赖一众热血青年,抛其家,别其室,不辞其苦,不计其酬,矻矻于此——“国中青年爱国之心已泯”之谬论,今可休矣!今日之胜,有赖壮志未已之诸前辈,无惧寒暑,行走奔波,劝说民众。今日之胜,乃数百万美利坚民众之胜,察其意,皆属踊跃为国,观其行,处处谨严有序,足堪告慰二百年前开国之先贤——民有、民治、民享之政体,未尝动摇也!

This is your victory.
嗟夫!此实诸位之功也!

And I know you didn’t do this just to win an election. And I know you didn’t do it for me.You did it because you understand the enormity of the task that lies ahead. For even as we celebrate tonight, we know the challenges that tomorrow will bring are the greatest of our lifetime — two wars, a planet in peril, the worst financial crisis in a century.
余知诸君之意非在此一选举,亦非在鄙人一身。盖瞻前路之艰辛,益知此任非同小可也。虽今夕欢贺于此,而明朝酒醒,大患仍自当前,不容有怠——两地烽烟熊熊而起,四海之内纷纷而乱,金融业界惶惶而不得宁。

Even as we stand here tonight, we know there are brave Americans waking up in the deserts of Iraq and the mountains of Afghanistan to risk their lives for us.There are mothers and fathers who will lie awake after the children fall asleep and wonder how they’ll make the mortgage or pay their doctors’ bills or save enough for their child’s college education. There’s new energy to harness, new jobs to be created, new schools to build, and threats to meet, alliances to repair.
是夜,饮宴笙歌之声不绝于耳,而异邦大漠群山中,吾国大好青年,兀自苦戍边塞,惝恍竟夜,性命尚未得安。吾国千万庶民,为人父母者,兀自惴惴难眠,所忧者,乃房宅所贷、病患之费、抚育之资也。至若吾国能源之耗,百业之兴,庠序之教,攻伐之术,怀远之道,亦皆吾等忡忡挂怀者也。

The road ahead will be long. Our climb will be steep. We may not get there in one year or even in one term. But, America, I have never been more hopeful than I am tonight that we will get there. I promise you, we as a people will get there.
渺渺乎其远,如不可达,危危乎其高,若不可攀。朝夕岁月,焉得成就?余不揣愚钝,愿以四载韶华,付诸此业,胜算何如虽不可知,然昂扬必胜之奇志,成就伟业之壮怀,平生未之有也。君子一诺,其重何如,此地今夕,愿斗胆发一狂言——吾辈既在,其事必成!

There will be setbacks and false starts. There are many who won’t agree with every decision or policy I make as president. And we know the government can’t solve every problem. But I will always be honest with you about the challenges we face. I will listen to you, especially when we disagree. And, above all, I will ask you to join in the work of remaking this nation, the only way it’s been done in America for 221 years — block by block, brick by brick, calloused hand by calloused hand.
逶迤坎坷,份内之事。异见争端,料必有之。国中之政府,谅非无所不能者。余所秉承不移者,唯忠信矣。倘有危难于前,必无欺瞒于世。诸君言论臧否,纵悖逆相左之议,余必当洗耳以聆。于此之外,更当恳请诸君,不吝心血,致力报效,以振吾美利坚重兴之业。余亦别无他想,唯盼吾侪协力,延继吾国既肇二百二十一年之大统,汇涓滴之力,而成万世之业。

What began 21 months ago in the depths of winter cannot end on this autumn night. This victory alone is not the change we seek. It is only the chance for us to make that change. And that cannot happen if we go back to the way things were. It can’t happen without you, without a new spirit of service, a new spirit of sacrifice.
昔年冬日,余有志于斯,投身此业,屈指算来,倏然近二载矣。当此秋夜,追思反省,仍无溃退逃亡之意。选战之胜,无非一役之功,余梦寐所思矢志所求者,非在乎此。溯源究本,此役之胜,不过革世变时一大好良机耳。倘止步于斯,垂手而待,或无诸君倾力相援,则壮志丰功,无非泡影,诸般梦想,终必虚妄。

So let us summon a new spirit of patriotism, of responsibility, where each of us resolves to pitch in and work harder and look after not only ourselves but each other. Let us remember that, if this financial crisis taught us anything, it’s that we cannot have a thriving Wall Street while Main Street suffers. In this country, we rise or fall as one nation, as one people.
爱国之心,报国之念,吾人固有之,然逢今日之世,此心此念亦当一变——吾辈各执己业,益当各竭其力,各尽其命,非但为一己之利,而更期普世之荣。今岁,金融业界动荡多舛,细审观之,当可以之为鉴——实业之损,亦是金融之伤。可知,既在邦域之内,吾辈荣辱休戚,皆相与共矣!

Let’s resist the temptation to fall back on the same partisanship and pettiness and immaturity that has poisoned our politics for so long. Let’s remember that it was a man from this state who first carried the banner of the Republican Party to the White House, a party founded on the values of self-reliance and individual liberty and national unity.Those are values that we all share.
党争纷纭,阴谋卑鄙,愚鲁无知,皆腐蚀清白、惑乱政局之弊也,其缘由已久,余今愿与诸君协力,共灭除之。昔年曾有此郡先贤,执共和党之帜,而掌总统府之权。自强独立,自由统一等信念,皆斯人之所倡,亦吾辈之所宗。

And while the Democratic Party has won a great victory tonight, we do so with a measure of humility and determination to heal the divides that have held back our progress. As Lincoln said to a nation far more divided than ours, we are not enemies but friends. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection.
今岁选战,吾民主党人幸有一胜,然谦逊和合之心未尝少减。余素信服者,乃山河破碎之际,林肯总统之言——“既是至亲,终不为敌。虽弩张剑拔,而血脉未尝断,情义不少减。”

And to those Americans whose support I have yet to earn, I may not have won your vote tonight, but I hear your voices. I need your help. And I will be your president, too.
固然,仍有四方志士,不为鄙人所动,另有高明之选。虽终悭此一票之缘,然诸君高论,余亦声声在耳,字字在心。倘能得诸君之援手,鄙人幸甚。他日待余总而统之,亦必不另眼以待也。

And to all those watching tonight from beyond our shores, from parliaments and palaces, to those who are huddled around radios in the forgotten corners of the world, our stories are singular, but our destiny is shared, and a new dawn of American leadership is at hand.
吾邦民众,散居天下,各安其命,而其志一也。吾邦鼎盛之势,今已乍现锋芒。

To those — to those who would tear the world down: We will defeat you. To those who seek peace and security: We support you. And to all those who have wondered if America’s beacon still burns as bright: Tonight we proved once more that the true strength of our nation comes not from the might of our arms or the scale of our wealth, but from the enduring power of our ideals: democracy, liberty, opportunity and unyielding hope.
至于心怀叵测,与世人为仇、与天下为敌者,吾邦猛志常在,彼等必取灭亡。心思纯良,久慕大同者,吾辈当倾力以助,鼎力相援。犹疑未定,不知吾自由之邦兴衰如何者,吾辈愿以今日盛况以告之——美利坚之所以谓之“美”者,非刀兵之强,金银之众,实民主、自由、机遇、梦想之美也!

That’s the true genius of America: that America can change. Our union can be perfected. What we’ve already achieved gives us hope for what we can and must achieve tomorrow.
天自有道,地自有德,恩赋吾邦无上异禀——无他,唯变而已矣。美利坚变革不怠,合众国日趋尽善。当以过往先贤之伟绩,助吾侪今日之雄心,开子孙万世之辉光。

This election had many firsts and many stories that will be told for generations. But one that’s on my mind tonight’s about a woman who cast her ballot in Atlanta. She’s a lot like the millions of others who stood in line to make their voice heard in this election except for one thing: Ann Nixon Cooper is 106 years old.
今岁选战,多开亘古之先,屡传千秋佳话。感我至深者,亚特兰大之老妪安•尼克松•库帕也——库氏之一票,于数百万美利坚民众之选票无异,其所以引人称奇者,其人今岁高龄一百有六矣。

She was born just a generation past slavery; a time when there were no cars on the road or planes in the sky; when someone like her couldn’t vote for two reasons — because she was a woman and because of the color of her skin.
当其父辈之时,天道不彰,黑人为奴。库氏其生也不逢时,汽车尚不行于道,飞机未曾起于空,库氏既属黑人,又系女流,票选一事,概无瓜葛。

And tonight, I think about all that she’s seen throughout her century in America — the heartache and the hope; the struggle and the progress; the times we were told that we can’t, and the people who pressed on with that American creed: Yes we can.
今日今时,回溯库氏百岁之涯,但见吾邦先贤屡败屡战,且退且进,悲欣交集,甘苦杂陈。幸而正道存焉,壮志存焉,曰:吾辈既在,无所不能。

At a time when women’s voices were silenced and their hopes dismissed, she lived to see them stand up and speak out and reach for the ballot. Yes we can.
万马齐喑,其事堪哀,吾邦女界怒而起,愤而争,苦战不歇,历数十载。幸哉库氏,以百岁之高龄,终得亲见女流自立于世,重获天赋之权——吾辈既在,无所不能!

When there was despair in the dust bowl and depression across the land, she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal, new jobs, a new sense of common purpose. Yes we can.
当百业萧条,国人绝望哀鸣之际,库氏亲见吾美利坚出旷世之新政,挽狂澜于既倒,扶大厦之将倾,退畏惧之势,扶奋勇之心,终至人各有位,民心乃安——吾辈既在,无所不能!

When the bombs fell on our harbor and tyranny threatened the world, she was there to witness a generation rise to greatness and a democracy was saved. Yes we can.
当吾国良港遭袭,天下桀纣当道,暴政肆虐之时,库氏亲见豪杰群起,民主不衰——吾辈既在,无所不能!

She was there for the buses in Montgomery, the hoses in Birmingham, a bridge in Selma, and a preacher from Atlanta who told a people that “We Shall Overcome.” Yes we can.
蒙哥马利公车之罢辍,伯明翰城黑人之群起,塞尔玛城血雨腥风之事,库氏般般亲历。更曾亲聆亚特兰大传教之士振臂登高之呼——“吾等必胜!”诚哉斯言!吾辈既在,无所不能!

A man touched down on the moon, a wall came down in Berlin, a world was connected by our own science and imagination. And this year, in this election, she touched her finger to a screen, and cast her vote, because after 106 years in America, through the best of times and the darkest of hours, she knows how America can change. Yes we can.
俟科学昌明于世,创想通贯一时,既登广寒之阙,又溃柏林之墙。洋洋乎!有百年如是,乃见今岁选战中,库氏之一票。浩浩兮!一百零六载交锋更迭,方有美利坚今日之变革——吾辈既在,无所不能!

America, we have come so far. We have seen so much. But there is so much more to do. So tonight, let us ask ourselves — if our children should live to see the next century; if my daughters should be so lucky to live as long as Ann Nixon Cooper, what change will they see? What progress will we have made?
转眼兴亡过手,而今迈步从头。追昔抚今,不禁扪心而问——俟再历百年岁月,倘吾等后辈儿孙,亦有得享高寿如库氏者,复可见何等之变数?吾辈今日之功,他年可得而见之乎?

This is our chance to answer that call. This is our moment. This is our time, to put our people back to work and open doors of opportunity for our kids; to restore prosperity and promote the cause of peace; to reclaim the American dream and reaffirm that fundamental truth, that, out of many, we are one; that while we breathe, we hope. And where we are met with cynicism and doubts and those who tell us that we can’t, we will respond with that timeless creed that sums up the spirit of a people: Yes, we can.
所谓天命时运,莫过于此——当为吾邦万民造安身立命之业,为吾辈儿孙启各显雄才之门,为寰宇各国创太平静好之世,为吾等壮志赋千秋不灭之元神。吾邦立国之本,必将光耀于天下。万千同胞,当如一人,一息尚存,梦想不灭。纵有世人旁观在侧,而疑窦生焉,吾辈亦当以千秋不易之训共答之曰——吾辈既在,无所不能!

Thank you. God bless you. And may God bless the United States of America.
拜谢诸君。愿天佑吾民,天佑吾邦。

两个笛子学习的链接

November 28th, 2008

http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/50534577.html

http://hi.baidu.com/clys/album/%C0%D6%C6%F7%D6%B8%B7%A8%26%2347%3B%B0%D1%CE%BB%CD%BC%C2%D4#/clys/album/%C0%D6%C6%F7%D6%B8%B7%A8%26%2347%3B%B0%D1%CE%BB%CD%BC%C2%D4/index/1

笛子初学者我们该注意什么

November 23rd, 2008

竹笛基本吹奏法

(一)演奏姿势

这是我们很容易忽略的地方…拿起一个笛子,自以为摆了个潇洒的POSS,满腔意气激荡,大有“一笛在手江山我有”的心态,却又把吃奶的劲用上还是吹出一片噪音,让人有想拿板砖拍的冲动…所以还是奉劝大家仔细看看以下内容…

  吹笛子首先要讲究姿势正确、自然,一是要有堂正的仪表;二是要适应人体本身的生理特点,姿势分立势和坐势两种。在个人练功和上台独奏时采用立势,即两腿宜立,两脚分开同肩宽,呈外八字形;一脚稍前,另一脚稍后(右边持笛者,左脚在前,左边持笛者,右脚在前),身体重心落于两腿之间;身体稍微侧向右方(左方持笛者侧向左方),面向正前方,两眼平视、头正、肩平、挺胸、收腹、双手持笛,两时自然下垂;用右手的无名指、中指、食指的第一节指肚分别按住笛子的第一、二、三孔,大拇指托于笛身下方(即食指与中指之间的下方),小指轻轻按在笛身上;左手无名指、中指、食指的第一节指肚分别按住笛子的四、五、六孔,大拇指托在笛身下端食指对面稍靠上的地方(以舒服、放松为准);小指也轻轻按在笛身上,这样用左右两手的小指和大指就能将笛身持住。

  在吹曲笛和更大的低音笛时,也可用左手的食指第三节下端靠大拇指一侧和小指一起与大拇指相对将笛持住。用这种方法持笛,在右手进行飞指抹音时,即使左手三孔全打开,笛子也不会动摇。

  在合奏和伴奏时一般采用坐势。坐势要求上身和立势相同,椅子高低要适度,以免妨碍吹奏和呼吸。坐时最好不要架腿,两腿自然分开才能坐得安稳。

  

(二)呼吸方法

  呼吸是人体生理的正常活动,吸进氧气排出二氧化碳。正确的呼吸方法对于吹奏者非常重要,方法不对既不能吹好笛子,还会影响身体健康;方法正确符合人体生理的自然规律,不但能很好地演奏,还能锻炼吹奏者的肺扩量,使人体得到更多的氧气,促进血液循环,增强新陈代谢的能力。腹肌和横膈膜的运动能促使肠胃的蠕动,增强食物的消化,促进人体的健康。

  呼吸的生理机制由胸廓的节律性扩大和缩小,以及由此引起的肺被动地扩张(吸气)和回缩(呼气)而实现。以肋骨运动为主的呼吸运动形式称为“胸式呼吸”主要依靠胸廓中、上部肋间肌的运动使气吸人胸腔。其明显特征是肩向上抬,呼吸运动主要在胸廓中进行,吸气时横膈膜有些向上收,不能主动帮助呼吸动作,影响了胸腔容积向下扩展,因胸廓扩张受肋骨制约,所以吸气量不能达到人体吸气的最大容量,加上抬肩使上部肌肉紧张,呼气时也不易控制,因此容易使人紧张、疲劳。

  以膈和腹壁肌肉运动为主的呼吸运动形式称为“腹式呼吸”。它的特点是整个腹腔(包括平常讲的“小肚子”,也称丹田)向外扩张。腹部无骨骼包围,伸缩范围大,吸气量较大。但由于胸部没充分运动,整个腹部运动内脏移位较大,气吸在下部,呼气时较费力,容易使人疲劳。用胸的下部和腹的上部同时运动力主的呼吸称为“胸腹式呼吸”,它是人体在自然状态下呼吸的有意识扩大。吸气时胸腔的下部和腹腔的上部同时向四周扩张,胸腔与腹腔之间的横隔膜同时下沉,随着肌肉运动,鼻子吸气,肺内进入空气。吸气时下腹(小肚子)肌肉同时收缩,不便小肚向外扩张,而让气在上腹和下胸吸满。呼气时胸下部肌肉和腹上部肌肉同时收缩,横服膜向上顶,下腹肌肉和臀部肌肉以至提肛肌都处于收缩状态,使吸人的气形成压力,源源不断地从口腔中吹出。

开始体会胸腹式呼吸的方法,可以平静地躺在床上仔细琢磨身体平常自然呼吸时的方法,然后再将其扩大,进行深呼吸。这样就能正确掌握胸腹式呼吸的要领。

  吹奏时的呼吸与平时的呼吸是有所不同的,因吹奏中吸气量大,一般都用口鼻同时吸气,以加快速度。吸气也分慢吸和快吸两种,一般在乐曲开始前和演奏速度慢、旋律优美的曲子中可用慢吸的方法。要求吸气饱满充足,但也不要吸到不能再吸的极限,以免肌肉紧张,吹奏时无法控制。快吸一般用在快速乐曲中和没标换气记号的连续吐音之间(俗称“偷吸”)。

  吸气时间有长有短,肌肉紧张度有大有小,但吸气方法都使用胸腹式。

  吹奏时的呼气不是平常从两个鼻孔和口腔中自然呼出去的,而是从由嘴控制的“风门”(上下嘴唇之间,气息经过的空隙)吹出去的,所以胸腹肌肉收缩形成的压力和两颊以及嘴唇的有力控制(又称”嘴劲”、“口劲”),使吹出的一股气息(又称,旧风U形成均匀的、有节制的、有压力的气柱将笛子吹响。

  吹奏中的呼气也不要呼到不能再呼的极限,以免肌肉紧张发颤,而应留二分余气,便于下次吸气迅速,使乐曲吹奏能自然连贯地进行。为了增大肺扩量,使气息更充足,平常可坚持长跑、游泳和做深呼吸运动。

(三)吹奏口形

这一点我有切肤之痛…奉劝诸位一定要对着镜子找到正确的口形,不到到成习惯以后才发现自己的风门不对头…

  吹奏笛子的口形与笛子发出的音色有直接关系。同一支笛膜松紧度一样的笛子,不同口形吹出的音色就截然不同。

  笛子是用气来吹奏的,所以首先要求做到呼和吸气路都要畅通,它包括吹气和吸气时颈部、喉部和口腔都要放松、打开(即扩张),像平常打哈欠时那样,上下嘴唇对齐,使“风门”(即上下嘴唇之间气息经过的空隙)位于嘴唇中央,两颊和嘴角向“风门”中间收,使“风门”呈椭圆形(自我感觉是要使风门成圆形)。上唇稍微靠前,使“口风”向下吹入轻轻靠在下唇正中的、约被下唇盖住四分之一的吹孔中。这样经胸腹肌肉的收缩形成的气流通过打开的喉部、口腔及自我感觉圆形的“风门”中吹出。

  此外,要避免另一些不正确的方法,如:将两嘴角向后收(像微笑时一样),将唇部肌肉向两边拉紧,使“风门”扁小、窄长,同时引起口腔前后压缩,喉头紧张,有时还造成喉咙发响,这样吹出的气流是挤压、喷发、扁小的“口风”。与正确的方法相比较,前者吹出的气流像个完全打开的自来水龙头,管径大、流量大,流出的是饱满结实的水住。后者像一根扁小的自来水管,水流出龙头时被人用手抵住大半个龙头口,水挤压喷出时丝丝作响,四处飞溅,速度虽快但流量小。

  前一种方法吹出的笛音明亮、结实、圆润、杂音少、发音低(经测频仪测量吹同一支笛子,比后种方法低10音分左右,这对以后练习强弱变化、音高控制时用处极大)。后一种方法吹出的笛音发闷、发沙,各种杂音多,发音高。

  笛子发音原理是:由“风门”吹出的气柱被吹孔边沿剖开而激发管内的空气振动发出声音。

  吹笛子有了正确的口形,还要用一定的角度。一般是嘴唇和吹孔成九十度直角。

  尽量使吹孔剖开气往后的漏气声减到最小,使进入吹孔的气畅通无阻,灌响笛子。这就要求吹奏者在吹长音时认真琢磨喉部、口腔以及嘴唇各部位的形状、音色的好坏、跑气声的大小,从而找到最好的方法和音色。

(四)舌头的运用

  舌生在口腔底部,由三种方向排列的横纹肌组成。吹奏时舌在口腔中的各种运动对笛子的发音有各种影响。舌体横纹肌的不同收放,使舌体向各个方向弯曲、伸展,吹奏中由于舌体横纹肌的交替收放,使舌与上颚时而贴近,时而离开,对呼气起着“开关”的作用,造成呼气的时断时续,使吹奏的笛音产生分奏的音乐效果,如吐青、垛音、叠音等。舌尖在放松的条件下利用气的冲击与上颚有弹性地时抵时开,使笛声产生“碎音”效果,如花舌音、弹音等。

  舌在不用时应自然放松地收于口腔下部,以使口腔打开,增大气流的通道。

(五)呼吸与口形的相互配合及气息控制

  要吹出美妙动听的笛音,需要正确的呼吸方法和口形。要吹出笛子的高音、低音、强音、弱音,需要呼吸与口形的变化相互配合协调一致。

  在吹奏中首先接触到的是笛子每个发音孔(包括筒音)的缓吹(平吹)和急吹(超吹)的呼吸与口形的相互配合问题。吹笛子最低的七个基音时,从全按的筒音向上到第六孔用缓吹(平吹)的方法,这时呼吸肌肉组织的收缩力较小,”风门”比较放松,呼出的气流较粗,速度较为缓慢、平稳。

  吹比七个基音高八度的音时用急吹(超吹)的方法。这时呼吸肌肉组织的收缩力加强,气的压力增大,“风门”相应缩小(自我感觉保持圆形,不是用上下嘴唇向两旁拉来压缩“风门”,而是两嘴角向中间收,增强嘴四周向中间收缩的压力),控制“风门”的嘴劲加大,呼出的气流急促有力。

  当吹比基音高两个八度以上的音时,则在急吹(超吹)的基础上,再加强呼吸肌肉的收缩,进一步加强嘴劲和加快“口凤”的流速。

  初学者开始可进行吹长音的基本练习,从最低的筒音开始,一口气吹一个音,逐一向上,直到最高音。要注意姿势、呼吸方法和口形的正确,使每个发出来的音都均匀、饱满、响亮,切忌颤抖和忽高忽低。使用急吹(超吹)的方法吹奏高八度的音时,要注意呼出的气流速度加快、嘴劲加大、口风更急的变化,使高音吹准,音色明亮、结实。

  音是否准确,首先要有音高、音程的概念(听音能力),平时要加强视唱练耳的训练。

  吹笛子的口劲(嘴劲)、口风和风门是随着音的高低不断变化的。吹低音时口风要粗而缓,随着音的逐步升高,口劲也逐渐加强,口风流速加快,风门逐渐缩小。所以在练习中一定要找到缓吹、急吹的口劲、口凤和风门的相应位置,因为它们对音准有直接的关系。当呼吸肌肉力量不足、口劲不足、口风流速不够时,音就会降低;当呼吸肌肉和嘴部肌肉过分紧张、口风过大时音就会升高。一般来说,吹低音,冲一冲音就偏高;吹高音,由于嘴劲不足,松一松音就偏低。

  初学者吹奏时,开始会有头晕和嘴酸痛的现象,这都是正常的,如果呼吸方法正确,经过一段时间的训练后,便会逐步减轻和消失。开始练习时可每次吹二十分钟,然后休息一刻钟。

  竹笛既能演奏强烈、激昂、奔放的音调,又能演奏优美、典雅和如位如诉的乐曲。

  气息控制是竹笛表现各种感情的重要一环,它要求吹奏者在表现乐曲内容时,使口劲、口风、风门以及它在吹孔上靠前靠后的位置变化和音量、音色、音准达到全面、细微、熟练、完美的配合。它们的相互关系和自然规律如下:

  1.口劲足时,音量强,音要高,音色结实。

  2.口劲松时,音量弱,音要低,音色柔和。

  3.口风急时,音量强,音要高,音容易发噪。

  4.口风缓时,音量弱,音要低,音色较优美。

  5.风门大时,音量强,音要高,音色饱满。

  6.风门小时,音量弱,音要低,音色纤细。

  7.风门位置向里(即唇部向前,盖住吹孔使气流向下),音量弱,音要低,音色较纯。

  8.风门位置向外(即唇部向后,离开吹孔,使气流向前).音量强,音要高,音色噪。

  气息控制的要求是:

  1.音量能强能弱。

  2.音准做到强而不高,弱而不低。

  3.音色做到强而不噪,弱而不虚。

  了解了上述八种关系,要达到气息控制的三个要求就必须做到:

  1 .口劲松,口风缓,风门大,风门位置向里,使音量强而音色不噪,音不升高。2.口劲足,口风急,风门小,风门位置向外,使音量弱,音色不虚,音不降低。初学者首先要将笛子音量、音色全部吹出来,坚持最基本的长音训练,不要急于练习气息控制,以免分散精力。等熟练掌握基本吹奏法和有一定运气功夫后,再逐步练习气息控制。

  在吹奏笛子中有几个方面的原因会引起音不准:1.听音能力低,音准概念差;2.演奏技术不熟练;3.笛子本身音不准。如属听音能力问题,就要先学习视唱练耳,提高辨别音高的能力。若是演奏技术不过硬,就要加强基本练习。若是笛子问题,就请有经验的人进行试调和修理。不要没搞清原因就将笛子这里挖挖那里捅捅。

(六)手指

  吹笛子需要双手持笛,开按指孔,才能发出高低不同的音来。因此要使每个手指灵活而有弹性,能持久、独立地活动和相互配合,就需要进行严格地训练。

  吹奏时双臂和手要松弛,手指自然弯曲,用第一节指肚中部轻轻盖严笛孔(小笛子管径小.孔距近,用指尖按较合适)。开放音孔时,手指不要抬得过高,大约离指孔一到一点五厘米左右。手指过高动作不迅速,影响吹奏速度;手指太低会使音准变低、音量变小、音色变闷。

  手指盖闭音孔要严密,不能漏气,但也不要僵硬。当迅速开闭指孔(颤音)和连续从上至下按闭指孔时(演奏历音时),都应有弹性地击打发音孔。这时不吹笛子也可听见指肚击打音孔发出的同吹时一样音高的基本音(低音)。

  平常不拿笛子也可进行手指各关节(尤其是第三关节)的放松和击打动作的训练,频率由慢渐快,越快越要保持松驰和弹性。无名指一般最不灵活,更要加强训练,小指不用时,要轻贴笛身,不要用小指活动来帮助其他手指。这样在以后吹奏各种颤音和装饰音时,就能轻松流畅,运用自如。